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Subhead 12.0 covers the specifications and requirements for various types of roofing used in construction. Below is a detailed explanation of each section along with examples.
Roofing refers to the construction and installation of the roof structure and the covering materials that provide weather protection and aesthetic appeal. The materials and methods used must ensure durability, weather resistance, and proper insulation.
Example: Installing a metal roof on a commercial building to provide durability and weather protection.
12.1.1 Tiles: Should conform to relevant IS standards. Common types include clay, concrete, and ceramic tiles.
12.1.2 Sheets: Includes materials like corrugated galvanized iron (CGI), aluminum, and asbestos cement sheets.
12.1.3 Waterproofing Membranes: Used to prevent water ingress. Should conform to relevant IS standards.
12.1.4 Insulation Materials: Should provide adequate thermal insulation and conform to relevant IS standards.
Example: Using clay tiles for roofing a residential house for their aesthetic appeal and durability.
12.2.1 General: Includes clay, concrete, and ceramic tiles.
12.2.2 Laying: Tiles should be laid on a prepared base with proper alignment and overlapping.
12.2.3 Fixing: Tiles should be securely fixed using nails or adhesives as specified.
12.2.4 Finishing: The roof should be checked for proper alignment and any gaps should be sealed.
Example: Installing ceramic tiles on the roof of a traditional-style house to enhance its aesthetic appeal.
12.3.1 Corrugated Galvanized Iron (CGI) Sheets: Should conform to IS 277.
12.3.2 Aluminum Sheets: Should conform to IS 737.
12.3.3 Asbestos Cement Sheets: Should conform to IS 459.
12.3.4 Fixing: Sheets should be laid with proper overlaps and fixed using screws or bolts.
12.3.5 Finishing: The roof should be inspected for any loose fittings and properly secured.
Example: Using CGI sheets for roofing a warehouse to provide a durable and cost-effective solution.
12.4.1 Bitumen-Based Membranes: Should conform to IS 1322.
12.4.2 Polymer-Based Membranes: Should conform to IS 15476.
12.4.3 Application: Membranes should be applied on a clean, dry surface with proper bonding.
12.4.4 Finishing: Edges and joints should be sealed to prevent water ingress.
Example: Applying bitumen-based waterproofing membranes on a flat roof to ensure water resistance.
12.5.1 Thermal Insulation: Should provide adequate thermal resistance and conform to relevant standards.
12.5.2 Acoustic Insulation: Should provide soundproofing properties as required.
12.5.3 Laying: Insulation materials should be laid as per design specifications, ensuring proper coverage and fit.
Example: Using fiberglass insulation under a metal roof to reduce heat transfer and improve energy efficiency.
12.6.1 Design: Should be designed to provide adequate drainage and withstand weather conditions.
12.6.2 Materials: Includes tiles, sheets, or shingles as specified.
12.6.3 Construction: The roof should be constructed with proper support structures and underlayment.
12.6.4 Finishing: The roof should be inspected for proper installation and any gaps should be sealed.
Example: Constructing a sloping roof with clay tiles for a cottage-style house to provide aesthetic appeal and efficient water drainage.
12.7.1 General: Should be designed to provide adequate drainage and support.
12.7.2 Materials: Includes waterproofing membranes, insulation, and surface finishing materials.
12.7.3 Construction: The roof should be constructed with a slight slope for drainage and proper underlayment.
12.7.4 Finishing: The surface should be finished with tiles, concrete, or other materials as specified.
Example: Constructing a flat roof with a bitumen waterproofing membrane for an office building to ensure durability and weather resistance.
12.8.1 Gutters and Downspouts: Should be installed to provide adequate drainage and prevent water accumulation.
12.8.2 Design: Should be designed to handle expected rainfall and prevent overflow.
12.8.3 Installation: Gutters and downspouts should be securely fixed and properly aligned.
12.8.4 Maintenance: Regular inspection and cleaning should be conducted to ensure proper functioning.
Example: Installing aluminum gutters and downspouts on a residential building to ensure efficient rainwater drainage.
12.9.1 General: Should be designed to provide natural light and ventilation.
12.9.2 Materials: Includes glass, acrylic, or polycarbonate materials.
12.9.3 Installation: Skylights should be securely fixed with proper sealing to prevent leaks.
12.9.4 Maintenance: Regular inspection and cleaning should be conducted to maintain clarity and functionality.
Example: Installing skylights in a commercial building to enhance natural lighting and reduce energy consumption.
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