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Module 1: Introduction to QTO in USA Projects
1-Quantity-Take-Off-QTO-for-USA-Construction-Projects
Definition and importance of QTO in pre-construction.
Roles of Quantity Surveyors and Cost Engineers in the US market.
Differences between QTO, Estimating, and Costing.
Key US construction practices influencing QTO.
Module 2: Standards and Codes for QTO in USA
Overview of ASTM, ACI, AISC, and AASHTO references for measurement.
CSI MasterFormat and UniFormat classifications.
RSMeans and its role in US quantity take-off and pricing.
Local jurisdiction and building code compliance in measurement.
Module 3: QTO for Earthwork
Methods of measuring excavation and backfilling.
Cut and fill calculations, shrinkage and swell factors.
Equipment allocation and productivity norms.
Use of US measurement standards (ASTM D1557, AASHTO T99).
Module 4: QTO for Concrete Works
Measurement of formwork, reinforcement, and concrete volume.
Slab, beam, column, and foundation QTO procedures.
Ready-mix vs site-mixed concrete quantities.
Waste factors, placement, and finishing considerations.
Module 5: QTO for Masonry Works
Brickwork and blockwork quantity take-off methods.
Mortar, grout, and reinforcement quantities.
Openings, deductions, and standard practices.
Fire-resistant and specialty masonry measurement in US codes.
Module 6: QTO for Structural Steel
Wide-flange beams, columns, and steel shapes (ASTM A36, A992).
Welding, bolts, and connections measurement.
Paints, coatings, and fireproofing quantities.
Miscellaneous metals: stairs, railings, ladders.
Module 7: QTO for Carpentry & Wood Works
Framing (studs, joists, rafters) and sheathing.
Interior and exterior wood finishes.
Plywood, timber, and engineered wood measurement.
Waste allowance and sustainability considerations.
Module 8: QTO for Finishes
Plastering, drywall, and gypsum board measurement.
Flooring (tile, carpet, vinyl, wood).
Painting and protective coatings.
Ceilings and specialty finishes.
Module 9: QTO for Roofing Works
Shingle, metal, and membrane roofing quantities.
Insulation and vapor barrier measurement.
Gutters, downspouts, and roof drainage.
Roofing accessories and flashings.
Module 10: QTO for Mechanical Works
Ductwork and fittings quantity take-off.
HVAC equipment and accessories.
Piping systems for chilled water, steam, gas.
Insulation and testing allowances.
Module 11: QTO for Electrical Works
Conduits, cables, and wire measurement.
Panels, switchboards, and fixtures.
Lighting and power outlet quantities.
Grounding, earthing, and safety systems.
Module 12: QTO for Plumbing & Fire Protection
Cold and hot water piping.
Fixtures and equipment measurement.
Drainage and vent piping systems.
Sprinkler systems, pumps, and fire hydrants.
Module 13: QTO for Site Works
Roads, pavements, and asphalt measurement.
Drainage, manholes, and stormwater systems.
Landscaping, irrigation, and site development.
Utilities: power, gas, and telecom trenches.
Module 14: QTO Documentation & Reporting
Preparation of QTO sheets and measurement books.
Cross-referencing drawings and specifications.
Reconciliation of QTO with estimates and bids.
Quality checks, review, and audit practices.
Module 15: Advanced Practices in QTO
Integration of QTO with scheduling and cost control.
Risk allowances, contingencies, and waste management.
Benchmarking productivity and resource allocation in US projects.
Case studies of QTO in large US infrastructure & high-rise projects.